Pilier · Réglementations crevetticoles
Guide de conformité pour ferme crevettière
La crevette est la catégorie aquacole d'export à plus forte valeur, et son stack de conformité — BAP, ASC, GLOBALG.A.P., résidus d'antibiotiques, certificats vétérinaires — est le plus strict de l'industrie.
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- • BAP Shrimp Farm standard
- • ASC Shrimp standard
- • GLOBALG.A.P. Aquaculture
- • US FDA import framework
- • EU 853/2004 hygiene rules
- • Pond shrimp farms
- • Biofloc systems
- • Shrimp RAS operators
- • Integrated shrimp exporters
Shrimp is the highest-value export aquaculture category by volume. Import gatekeepers in the US, EU, Japan and China have progressively tightened residue, antibiotic and traceability requirements. A single rejected consignment can shut a producer out of a destination market for months.
The certification stack for export shrimp
US retail: BAP (four-star preferred) or ASC. EU retail: ASC preferred, GLOBALG.A.P. widely accepted. Japan: BAP + specific importer requirements. China: national-level import approval + increasingly ASC/BAP for premium channels. Build the stack around your target market first, not the other way round.
Antibiotics — the single largest rejection cause
US, EU and Japan maintain zero-tolerance for chloramphenicol, nitrofurans and some fluoroquinolones. Even trace detection triggers rejection and can put the producer on a border-hold list for 6–24 months. Every commercial shrimp operation must operate an antibiotic-use log audited against destination-market allowlists.
Effluent design as a certification gate
BAP and ASC both require documented effluent management. Sedimentation ponds, biofilters and constructed wetlands are common solutions. Under-designing effluent to save on CAPEX blocks the entire certification pathway.
Traceability from PL to plate
Every certification demands documented chain-of-custody. Modern producers use batch codes, RFID or QR at the pond-to-processing hand-off. If your traceability plan cannot answer 'which PL batch is in this frozen case', the plan is not complete.
Erreurs courantes
- Using antibiotics not authorised in the destination market.
- Missing chain-of-custody records for post-larvae origin.
- No SPF certification for broodstock in vannamei operations.
- Under-designing effluent treatment for BAP or ASC eligibility.
- No documented traceability from PL to processed product.
Checklist acheteur
- SPF broodstock certification from an audited hatchery.
- Antibiotic policy aligned with destination-market residue rules (JECFA MRLs, US FDA, EU 37/2010).
- Post-larvae PCR screening for WSSV, EMS/AHPND, IHHNV, EHP.
- Effluent treatment sized for destination certification standard (BAP / ASC / national).
- Chain-of-custody record from PL through processing to export.
- HACCP-approved processing (if integrated) or contracted processor with export approval.
- Veterinary export certificate for each shipment.
- Third-party certification audit scheduled annually.
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